Vaginismus

Definition
Vaginismus is a condition where the pelvic floor muscles around the vagina involuntarily tighten, making penetration painful, difficult, or sometimes impossible. This tightening is not under conscious control and may involve both physical and emotional factors. Vaginismus can significantly impact intimacy, confidence, and sexual wellbeing.

Symptoms

• Pain, burning, or stinging with penetration (intercourse, tampon use, or gynaecological exams)

• Involuntary tightening of vaginal muscles at the entrance

• Difficulty or inability to tolerate penetration despite desire

• Anxiety or fear of pain associated with penetration

• Secondary effects such as avoidance of intimacy or reduced sexual confidence

Who is Most Affected?
Vaginismus may occur in individuals with pelvic pain conditions (e.g., vulvodynia, endometriosis), past trauma, high anxiety around penetration, or post-surgery/postpartum changes that lead to protective muscle tightening.

Common Causes
Physical contributors include pelvic floor overactivity, pelvic pain conditions, or hormonal changes. Psychological factors may include fear of pain, stress, trauma, or relationship-related anxiety.

Management Approaches
Pelvic Floor Osteopathy can support vaginismus with assessment, gentle manual therapy, pelvic floor retraining, breathing and relaxation strategies, graded exposure, and education. Multidisciplinary care, including psychological or medical support, enhances outcomes.

Key Point
Vaginismus is treatable. With a supportive approach addressing both physical and emotional factors, many individuals experience improved comfort, confidence, and intimacy.